Process of making containers



May 3, 1927. 527,540

A. KATZINGER PROCESS OF MAKING CONTAINERS v Filed July 76 1924 f/wenzar of the single unit-s.

Patented May 3, 1927.

ARTHUR KATZINGER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGIN'OIR, '10 ED WARD KATZINGE R COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS OF MAKING CONTAINERS.

' Application filed iul 7,

together in a row or working unit. Such.

strapping is necessary in handling contain-- ers of this type, as for example, in wholesale bakeries where containers are used for baking bread, the labor involved in handling a single container would be prohibitive, whereas, if containers are strapped together in units of from three to eight, the labor of handling these containers in the bakery,

is proportionately reduced and entirely satisfactory results 1n other respects are secured.

I do not of course wish to limit my invention to any particular number of contain-' ers. as obviously the process which I have devised may be applied irrespective of the number of containers involved. 1

The object of this invention is to provide a simple, efficient, economical I process of manufacturing containers of this type in quantity.

Containers strapped together in accordance with 'my process: will be extremely strong, durable andrigid. By applying my method in strapping containers, that the assembled unit will hold together so tenaciously that the life not the combination is practically equal to the life of any This has notbeen the case in containers strapped together by previous methods, as invariably the strapping orfastenings will loosen, which eventually destroys the usefulness of the entire group.v

Other objects of this invention will be apparent from the description and claims which follow and-from the attached drawing.

Referring to the drawing, Figure I shows a set of finished containers strapped together in accordance with the process'which I have invented; Figure II shows a single unit before assembling by my process. Figure III shows a portion of a container placed in a press prior to assembling, ,while Figure IV shows the same portion of a container after forcing the rivet into positon but before heading over the rivet.

Referring to Figure I, (1) indicates the unit container, which is normally made in I have found 1924. Serial No. 724,736.

the form of a rectangular box open at the top. with inclined sides and ends. 'As shown in Figures I and II, I have found it helpful to fold up the narrow ends (2) and bend them back so that they form overlapping portions (3). I have also found it expedient to roll over the upper edges (4) ofsaid containers around a wire (5), or other stiffening means. The group of containers are held together by the straps (6 and 7) which unite them firmly and durably. into a single working unit. H

In the finished group the strap (7) is attached to the individual containers by rivets (8, 9, 10, 11; etc.), the rivets being forced only through the overlapping por- -tion. (3) of the ends of the containers, and of course through the strap (7 It will be apparent that such a construction gives a finished group of containers in which the interior surface of the conq on the material later placed in the container. and att he same time provide crevicesin which dirt may lodge and bacteria collect, thus giving an unsanitary condition as well as making the container difiicult to clean and producing marks upon the articles which are placed in the container, such as loaves of bread, in case the container is used in a bakery.

The method of constructing containers which I have invented, consists in first forming the individual container into the general shape shown in Figure 11. I then insert a rivet or fastening member (12 and 13) under the end folds as shown in Figure II, having first slightly lifted or bent the end folds to perniit such insertion. The conrivet (12) first through fold member (3) and then through strap (7 the assembled combination eventually assuming the condition shown in Figure TV. in which the rivet is smoothly and tightly forced through both the end fold and the strap member. The rivet is then headed over to prevent withdrawal or loosening. and the construction assumes the shape indicated in Figure I.

\Vhile I do not wish to be limited to any special construction or materials, I. have found that sheet iron covered with tin. or what is commonly called tinplate, forms a very desirable material from which to construct the containers. member I have found that steel or lron straps. either plain or galvanized. give excellent service and are very satisfactory. The rivets may be formed either from copper or soft iron. as desired. I do not wish to be restricted to the exact. materials described above, and am merely mentioning them to give elearness and dotiniteness to this disclosure of my invention.

It will be apparent from the description of the process as given above. that containers strapped together as I have described are exceptionally rigid and the fastening will he exceptionally durable. By forcing the rivet to create its own hole an unusually tight tit is secured, which gives a strength to the finished article limited only by the strength of the materials. used. There will obviously be no looseness, lost motion, or other means for rattle or relative movement between the various parts thus fastened. It will also he apparent that the process which I have invented is very economical in carrying out, for the reason that no previous punching of holes is required. The objection to previous punching of holes for the assembling of these units, lies not only in the labor involved in such an operation. but results also from the difficulty which always exists in making the holes punched in the ends of the containers coincide with the holes punched in the strap. It will be readily apparent that if the holes punched in the end of the container are made before bending. very slight differences in the degree of bending will cause serious difficulties in making the holes in the strap coincide with the holes in the container. If it is attempted to overcome this difficulty by making the rivet a For the strap; 1h1

loose fit in the hole, obviously opportunity is immediately introduced to encourage relative motion between the strapping and the container. The above ditficulties are of course entirely removed by the method which I have invented. and a stronger, more durable container results.

It is also possible to successfully use a rivet having a smaller head. in the construction which I have invented, as where any appreciable amount of clearance is permitted between the size of the hole in the end of the container and the diameter of the rivet. the difficulty ma always arise that the rivet head will be pulled through the hole in the end of the container. Obviously, where the rivet forces its way through the end of the container. creating its own hole, the maximum degree of tightness is obtained.

It will be apparent that many variations may be made in the actual carrying out of the. process and still come within the scope of my invention. For example, if desired, I may force the rivet first through the ends of the container and then through the strap, or I may force the rivet through both pieces in a single operation. These modifications are optional, and I regard them as coming within the scope of my invention.

Having now described my invention. what I claim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patent. is as follows:

1. An article of manufacture consisting of a series of containers formed from sheet metal folded at the corners to form a pan. a strap extending along the ends of said containers and serving to unite them into a sin gle unit, rivets passing through the folded end of said pans and said straps, the joint between said rivets and the edges of th toacting hole in said ends of said pans. and the edges of the coacting hole in said strap being such as to insure absolutely tight contact at all points with saidrivet.

An article of manufiurture consisting of a multiple of containers fastened together by a strap riveted to the folds of the ends of said containers the rivets and the edges of the holes through wh ch the rivets pass being arranged to make absolutely tight contact. at all points.

ARTHUR KATZINUER. 

